《植物生理学报》 2015, 51(8): 1280-1286

水稻营养器官镉积累特性对稻米镉含量的影响

文志琦^1,2, 赵艳玲¹, 崔冠男^1,3, 尹洁^1,3, 高子平^1,3, 赵静¹, 樊金娟², 刘仲齐^1,2,*

¹农业部环境保护科研监测所生态毒理与环境修复研究中心, 天津300191; ²沈阳农业大学生物科学技术学院, 沈阳110161; ³天津师范大学生命科学学院, 天津300387

通信作者：刘仲齐；E-mail: liuzhongqi508@163.com；Tel: 022-23612803

摘　要：

对10个籼稻品种营养器官镉积累特性的遗传差异及其与稻米镉含量的关系进行了研究。试验结果表明, 水稻各器官的镉富集能力在不同品种间存在显著差异, 变异系数为25.34%~45.40%; 成熟期各器官的镉积累量依次为: 根系>叶片>穗轴>籽粒。通过通径分析发现, 穗轴中的镉浓度对稻米镉含量的影响最大, 根系中的镉浓度和叶片中镉的输出量共同决定着穗轴中的镉浓度。喷施或涂抹镉溶液都能显著提高水稻叶片中的镉含量, 喷施3次能显著提高叶片中的镉输出量和稻米中的镉含量, 旗叶对稻米镉含量的贡献率显著大于倒二叶和倒三叶。这说明通过大气沉降进入叶片的镉和污染土壤中的镉都会对稻米中的镉积累量产生显著影响。

关键词：水稻; 镉含量; 穗轴; 遗传差异; 叶片镉输出量

收稿：2015-05-14   修定：2015-07-07

资助：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(农业部环境保护科研监测所) (2014-szjj-lzq)、公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201403015)和2014年中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(2014-cxgc-lzq)。

Effects of Cadmium Accumulation Characteristics in Vegetative Organs on Cadmium Content in Grains of Rice

WEN Zhi-Qi^1,2, ZHAO Yan-Ling¹, CUI Guan-Nan^1,3, YIN Jie^1,3, GAO Zi-Ping^1,3, ZHAO Jing¹, FAN Jin-Juan², LIU Zhong-Qi^1,2,*

¹Centre for Research in Ecotoxicology and Environmental Remediation, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China; ²College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China; ³College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China

Corresponding author: LIU Zhong-Qi; E-mail: liuzhongqi508@163.com; Tel: 022-23612803

Abstract:

The genetic diversity of cadmium content in vegetative organs of 10 varieties of rice (Oryza sativa ssp. indica) and its relationship with cadmium content in rice grains were studied in this research. The results showed that the cadmium accumulation capacity of organs was significantly different among different rice varieties and its coefficient variation was 25.34%–45.40%. The order of cadmium levels in different organs at maturity stage was as follows: root>leaf>rachis>grain. Meanwhile, path analysis showed that cadmium content in rice grains was greatly influenced by cadmium concentration in rachis, which was determined by cadmium accumulation in root and output of cadmium from leaves. The cadmium content of leaves could be significantly increased by spraying or daubing cadmium solution. The output of cadmium from leaves and cadmium content in rice were significantly increased after spraying three times. Flag leaf offered rice more cadmium than the second and third leaves under it. These results indicate that cadmium both in leaves through atmospheric precipitation and from contaminated soils significantly influence the cadmium accumulation in rice grains.

Key words: rice; cadmium content; rachis; genetic diversity; output of cadmium from leaves